Quantum Geometrodynamical Description of the Universe in Different Reference Frames

Several years ago the so-called quantum geometrodynamics in extended phase space was proposed. The main role in this version of quantum geometrodynamics is given to a wave function that carries information about geometry of the Universe as well as about a reference frame in which this geometry is studied. We consider the evolution of a physical object (the Universe) in “physical” subspace of extended configurational space, the latter including gauge and ghost degrees of freedom. A measure of the “physical” subspace depends on a chosen reference frame, in particular, a small variation of a gauge-fixing function results in changing the measure. Thus, a transition to another gauge condition (another reference frame) leads to non-unitary transformation of a physical part of the wave function. From the viewpoint of the evolution of the Universe in the “physical” subspace a transition to another reference frame is an irreversible process that may be important when spacetime manifold has a nontrivial topology.